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Capacitive power supply
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Capacitive power supply : ウィキペディア英語版
Capacitive power supply

A capacitive power supply is a type of power supply that uses the capacitive reactance of a capacitor to reduce the mains voltage to a lower voltage. There are two important limitations: First, the high withstanding voltage required of the capacitor, along with the high-capacitance required for a given output current, mean that this type of supply is generally used only in low-power applications. (Generally, a capacitor of a given size or budget can have a high voltage rating or high capacitance, but not both.) The second is that due to the absence of electrical isolation, the circuit must be encapsulated and isolated to avoid direct (galvanic) contact with the users.〔 (Low cost PSUcapacitor instead of the transformer )〕
By the equation of state for capacitance, where i = C dV/dt, the current is limited to: 1 amp, per farad, per volt-rms, per radian (of phase). Or 2\pi amps, per farad, per volt-rms, per hertz.
==Structure ==
A capacitive power supply comprises a capacitor, C1, that with its reactance limits the current flowing through the rectifier bridge D1. To protect against voltage spikes during switching operations, there is a resistor, R1, connected in series with it. An electrolytic capacitor, C2, is used to smooth the DC ''voltage'' and the peak current (in the range of amps) in switching operations. Below you can see, a voltage regulator, which is formed by the current limiting resistor, R3, and the linear regulator, IC1. If the voltage stability is not too important you can use a Zener diode as a regulator.


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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